… use of palm oil has been documented since ancient times, it is only in the past few decades that this tropical product has taken off in the international market. An invisible component … of its processing facilities were in Indonesia. By 2009, the expansion of GAR and other companies had made Indonesia the world’s leading exporter of crude palm oil. The palm oil … for rare rainforest species. Some palm plantations were created through slash and burn agriculture – fires in Indonesia in 1997-98 created dense smoke that choked a large portion …
… In 2014, the four largest palm oil trading companies signed an agreement to end deforestation, development of peat lands and … However, oil palm cultivation had created social tensions as many rural inhabitants claimed that large plantation companies had violated traditional land rights. Indonesian land-use … and sell their CPO directly to China and India; countries which had shown no interest in sustainable palm oil. Finally, the Indonesian government’s displeasure with IPO and the NDPE …
… effect”. Since CO2 was a byproduct of the burning of fossil fuels, these models implied that human activity was a contributor to this increase in global temperature. During the … contributor of CO2 to the atmosphere, scientists at General Motors, the world’s largest automaker, had started looking at the greenhouse effect in the mid-1980s. The wide-ranging … to introduce more fuel efficient vehicles had run into resistance from consumers, oil companies and the government. While consumers generally indicated that they liked the idea …
… In early 2014 Alcoa announced that Ford's F-150 pick-up trucks, the best-selling vehicles in the U.S., would use … vehicles and consumer preferences for high mileage vehicles. To meet those standards, automakers had begun using aluminum to reduce vehicle mass, allowing a smaller, more efficient engine to produce the same performance with increased miles per gallon. For …
… the use of alternative fuels in gasoline, beginning with ethanol from sugarcane. This meant that the national oil company PEMEX had to find ways to implement this policy. Nevertheless, … mid-2014 no ethanol had been incorporated into Mexico's gasoline supply. As Mexican policy makers looked at the country's energy supply, they expected that substituting bioethanol for … with EGADE Business School, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey Equity and Justice Sustainable Finance and ESG Clean Energy Circularity PEMEX: The Ethanol Decision … PEMEX: …
… as well as the resort's parent company, Las Vegas Sands Corp., had worked hard to make operations and facilities more resource-efficient. The resort had garnered a Green Mark Platinum Award and was … System certification. Beyond the physical plant, MBS looked to create user experiences that would reflect a commitment to sustainability. MBS had become a leader in the Meetings, …
… is also an ingredient in roughly half of the products we buy. However, it is not something that consumers can easily spot or screen for. When, in June 2015, France’s Ecology minister, … more than 3.7 million hectares of natural forests have been cleared in recent years to make way for plantations. This land use change plays a major role in driving global … greenhouse gas emissions. Much of the deforestation related to palm oil has occurred with companies and individuals setting fire to the landscape. In 2015, fires raged for months in …
… ethical standards. It operated worldwide under a formal Mission Statement: "We will demand that everything we do leads to a cleaner, healthier and safer environment." The mission … Given its heavy R&D expense, Cummins had to find ways to spread the development costs over more units, leading it to expansion into global markets. Cummins had found a business … approaches developed for China applicable to other developing countries? Equity and Justice Sustainable Finance and ESG Circularity Cummins in China … Cummins in China Throughout the …
… Like many countries, Australia has a large existing building stock that is responsible for a substantial percentage of its greenhouse-gas emissions. Given that … investment. Financial institutions are reluctant to lend when any claim that they might make in the event of a default is junior to the property mortgage holder. This is why the … creating an Environmental Upgrade Charge (EUC) that allows a property owner and a tenant to more equitably share in both the investment cost for energy-efficiency upgrades and the …
… 40% of grain farmers in South Africa purchased hail insurance, the most common policy in agriculture. In years when crops were damaged before they could be harvested and sold, crop insurance provided resources that allowed farmers to be able to plant the following season. Settlements for weather … weather. There were a variety of new models for crop insurance as well a number of ways to make the agricultural sector more resilient to the effects of climate change. Santam …